X-Ray Pump Probe (XPP)

X-Ray Pump Probe (XPP)

The XPP instrument is dedicated to time-resolved hard X-ray diffraction experiments, which study thin film samples under a broad range of ambient conditions like low temperatures or under applied electric or magnetic fields. We use optical laser excitation and electrical excitation schemes to study the structural non-equilibrium response.

Anwendungsbeispiele:
  • light-induced phase transitions
  • ferroelectric switching dynamics
  • material-specific thermal transport dynamics
The X-ray Pump Probe (XPP) station at the KMC-3 beamline.

The X-ray Pump Probe (XPP) station at the KMC-3 beamline.


Methods

Time-resolved diffraction, EXAFS

Remote access

depends on experiment - please discuss with Instrument Scientist

Beamline data
Energy range 2 - 14 keV
Energy resolution 1/5000 - 1/4000
Flux 1e11 photons/s
Polarisation horizontal
Focus size (hor. x vert.) 350 µm x 350 µm
Phone +49 30 8062 14695
Weitere Details KMC-3 XPP
Station data
Temperature range 15 - 400 K
Pressure range not applicable
Detector
  • (gated) Pilatus 100k area detector
  • scintillator (decay time <1 ns) and PicoQuant PMA photomultiplier
  • photomultiplier (CyberStar)
Manipulators not applicable
Sample holder compatibility maximum sample size:
• 12 x 12 mm2 for standard low-temperature sample holder,
• 20 x 20mm2 for electrical measurement setup,
• up to 40 x 40mm2 can be mounted with special sample holders for room temperature measurements.
Additional equipment Laser for optical excitation:
• wavelength 1028 nm
• second and third harmonic generation is available
• pulse energy 20 – 400 µJ
• repetition rate 1 – 1000 kHz, 1 – 625 kHz synchronized to the storage ring
• time-resolved measurements: time-resolution >100 ps in hybrid mode and single bunch operation, >16 ps in low-alpha operation
• PicoQuant PicoHarp 300 (HydraHarp 400 in preparation) single photon counting modules for various photon counters with 1 ps time-resolution

For details and current status of the experimental station contact the Instrument Scientist.

The XPP endstation is designed for time-resolved pump -- X-ray probe experiments. We use optical laser excitation or electrical excitation schemes and study the structural non-equilibrium response of a sample. Therefore we routinely use a gated area detector that is synchronized to the single bunch of the BESSY filling pattern, that is, we record data only when a short burst of X-ray photons arrive at the sample. With this scheme we are essentially only limited by the length of the X-ray pulses, which is around 80 ps in standard hybrid mode and 15 ps in low-alpha operation mode. Using a home-built fast scintillation detector (Scionix) with a commercial photomultiplier tube (Hamamatsu), we are able to obtain 4 ns time resolution in time-correlated photon counting mode and are able to measure simulateneously delays up to 33 μs during one sample scan. Static experiments can be performed using a CyberStar detector.

For the optical sample excitation, we use a synchronized laser system (Light Conversion Pharos) that is synchronized with a Menlo RRE-Syncro module to the bunch timing of BESSY. With an electronic delay unit we can remotely shift the arrival time of the laser pulses with respect to the X-ray pulses up to 1 ms, which is limited by the repetition rate of the laser with a time resolution of roughly 1 ps.

A special setup for the investigation of ferroelectric switching dynamics is available upon request. We use a Keithley 3390 Arbitrary Function Generator, either in stand-alone mode or synchronized to the BESSY ring, to apply electric field pulse sequences to the sample with a tungsten needle. A voltage amplifier is available that allows to multiply the output of the function generator by a factor of 5.

We offer a high-vacuum environment (10-6 mbar) for the sample. The sample is mounted on a 4 circle goniometer (3 circle goniometer in vacuum) and the detectors mounted outside on the 2Θ arm. The sample temperature can be varied between 10 and 400 K using a closed-cycle cryostat.