BESSY II changes over to solid state RF amplifiers

One of the new solid state transmitters: the power supplies are located in the left rack (black), the RF section is located behind the grey doors in the middle and in the right rack the control units can be seen.

One of the new solid state transmitters: the power supplies are located in the left rack (black), the RF section is located behind the grey doors in the middle and in the right rack the control units can be seen. © HZB

BESSY II storage ring has four cavity resonators that are excited with high-power oscillating electromagnetic fields to compensate for the energy lost by the electron beam. Four Klystrons, as they are called (large high-power linear RF vacuum tubes), have provided extremely pure 500-MHz RF power for exciting these cavity resonators up to now. But there are no replacement klystrons available on the market. Wolfgang Anders and his team at the HZB’s Institute SRF – Science and Technology have therefore used the shutdown to replace two of the klystrons with modern solid-state RF amplifiers. The other klystrons are to be replaced until the end of the year.

“This technology was first developed and employed at the SOLEIL synchrotron in France. However, SOLEIL operates with an excitation frequency of 350 MHz. By comparison, we work with a frequency of 500 MHz like most synchrotron light sources. We had to develop a new design for that reason. The development and manufacture of the RF amplifiers was carried out by a German company named Cryoelectra. We're the first photon source with this technology to have reached an excitation power of 75 kilowatts per amplifier for 500 MHz”, explains Anders.

While the vacuum-tube klystrons required a supply voltage of 26 kilovolts, the solid-state semiconductor RF amplifiers operate at just 50 Volts, but require much higher current. The energy saved is a big advantage. This is because klystron vacuum-tube RF amplifiers constantly draw full power from the mains, whereas the semiconductor RF amplifiers’ current draw is demand-follow and they only pull as much power from their mains connection as needed to compensate for the electron beam energy losses. In addition, the new RF units produce much less RF-noise, because the cavity resonators are excited more purely, which in turn improves the beam quality.

“My team has been working on implementing the new technology at BESSY II for three years. Just the extensive programming for connecting up to the control system interface and performing the signal processing for the solid-state amplifiers took a year for the engineer we hired specially for this. Now we have a very robust solution that is probably of interest to other synchrotron light sources as well”, says Anders.

arö


You might also be interested in

  • Sebastian Keckert wins Young Scientist Award for Accelerator Physics
    News
    21.03.2024
    Sebastian Keckert wins Young Scientist Award for Accelerator Physics
    Dr Sebastian Keckert has been awarded the Young Scientist Award for Accelerator Physics of the German Physical Society (DPG). The prize is endowed with 5000 euros and was presented to him on 21.03. during the spring conference in Berlin. It honours the physicist's outstanding achievements in the development of new superconducting thin-film material systems for cavities.

  • Fertilisation under the X-ray beam
    Science Highlight
    19.03.2024
    Fertilisation under the X-ray beam
    After the egg has been fertilized by a sperm, the surrounding egg coat tightens, mechanically preventing the entry of additional sperm and the ensuing death of the embryo. A team from the Karolinska Institutet has now gained this new insight through measurements at the X-ray light sources BESSY II, DLS and ESRF. 
  • The future of BESSY
    News
    07.03.2024
    The future of BESSY
    At the end of February 2024, a team at HZB published an article in Synchrotron Radiation News (SRN). They describe the next development goals for the light source as well as the BESSY II+ upgrade programme and the successor source BESSY III.