Publications 2015
Amkreutz, D.; Barker, W.D.; Kühnapfel, S.; Sonntag, P.; Gabriel, O.; Gall, S.; Bloeck, U.; Schmidt, J.; Haschke, J.; Rech, B.:
Liquid-Phase Crystallized Silicon Solar Cells on Glass: Increasing the Open-Circuit Voltage by Optimized Interlayers for n- and p-Type Absorbers. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5 (2015), p. 1757-1761
doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2015.2466434
Amkreutz, D.; Barker, W.D.; Kühnapfel, S.; Sonntag, P.; Haschke, J.; Gall, S.; Schmidt, J.; Gabriel, O.; Rech, B.:
Liquid phase crystallized silicon solar cells on glass: Material quality and device design. In: 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2015. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7945-5, p. 1-3
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356216
Azarpira, A.; Lublow, M.; Steigert, A.; Bogdanoff, P.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Krüger, M.; Gernert, U.; van de Krol, R.; Fischer, A.; Schedel-Niedrig, T.:
Efficient and Stable TiO2 :Pt–Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Composite Photoelectrodes for Visible Light Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Advanced Energy Materials 5 (2015), p. 1402148/1-9
doi: 10.1002/aenm.201402148
Brammertz, G.; Buffiere, M.; Verbist, C.; Oueslati, S.; Bekaert, J.; Elanzeery, H.; Ben Messaoud, K.; Sahayaraj, S.; Batuk, M.; Hadermann, J.; Köble, C.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.:
Process variability in Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cell devices: Electrical and structural investigations. In: 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC 2015) : New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 14 - 19 June 2015. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7945-5
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355797
Brammertz, G.; Oueslati, S.; Buffière, M.; Bekaert, J.; El Anzeery, H.; Messaoud, K.; Sahayaraj, S.; Nuytten, T.; Köble, C.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.:
Investigation of Properties Limiting Efficiency in Cu2ZnSnSe4-Based Solar Cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5 (2015), p. 649-655
doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2014.2376053
Open Access (external provider) 
Bröker, S.; Kück, D.; Timmer, A.; Lauermann, I.; Ümsür, B.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Mönig, H.:
Correlating the Local Defect-Level Density with the Macroscopic Composition and Energetics of Chalcopyrite Thin-Film Surfaces. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7 (2015), p. 13062-13072
doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b03260
Open Access
Caballero, R.; Cano-Torres, J.; Garcia-Llamas, E.; Fontané, X.; Pérez-Rodríguez, A.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.; Merino, J.; Victorov, I.; Baraldi, G.; Valakh, M.; Bodnar, I.; Izquierdo-Roca, V.; León, M.:
Towards the growth of Cu2ZnSn1-xGexS4 thin films by a single-stage process: Effect of substrate temperature and composition. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 139 (2015), p. 1-9
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.03.004
Open Access
Calnan, S.; Gabriel, O.; Rothert, I.; Werth, M.; Ring, S.; Stannowski, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
Influence of Chemical Composition and Structure in Silicon Dielectric Materials on Passivation of Thin Crystalline Silicon on Glass. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7 (2015), p. 19282–19294
doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b05318
Calnan, S.; Riedel, W.; Gledhill, S.; Stannowski, B.; Lux-Steiner, M.Ch.; Schlatmann, R.:
Comparison of the influence of boron and aluminium doping on the material properties of electrochemically deposited ZnO films. Thin Solid Films 594 (2015), p. 215-224
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2015.05.051
Calvet, W.; Ümsür, B.; Höpfner, B.; Lauermann, I.; Prietzel, K.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Unold, T.; Lux-Steiner, M.C.:
Locally resolved investigation of wedged Cu(In,Ga)Se2 films prepared by physical vapor deposition using hard X-ray photoelectron and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Thin Solid Films 582 (2015), p. 361-365
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.11.067
Carter, N.J.; Mainz, R.; Walker, B.C.; Hages, C.J.; Just, J.; Klaus, M.; Schmidt, S.S.; Weber, A.; Yang, W.-C.D.; Zander, O.; Stach, E.A.; Unold, T.; Agrawal, R.:
The role of interparticle heterogeneities in the selenization pathway of Cu-Zn-Sn-S nanoparticle thin films: a real-time study. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3 (2015), p. 7128-7134
doi: 10.1039/c5tc01139f
Open Access
Frijnts, T.; Kühnapfel, S.; Ring, S.; Gabriel, O.; Calnan, S.; Haschke, J.; Stannowski, B.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
Analysis of photo-current potentials and losses in thin film crystalline silicon solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 143 (2015), p. 457-466
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.07.041
Gabriel, O.; Kirner, S.; Klingsporn, M.; Friedrich, F.; Stannowski, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
On the Plasma Chemistry During Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Microcrystalline Silicon Oxides. Plasma Processes and Polymers 12 (2015), p. 82-91
doi: 10.1002/ppap.201400114
Harndt, S.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Lux-Steiner, M.C.; Klenk, R.; Nürnberg, R.:
Grain boundary assisted photocurrent collection in thin film solar cells. EPJ Photovoltaics 6 (2015), p. 60101-60105
doi: 10.1051/epjpv/2015006
Open Access 
Haschke, J.; Amkreutz, D.; Frijnts, T.; Kühnapfel, S.; Hänel, T.; Rech, B.:
Influence of Barrier and Doping Type on the Open-Circuit Voltage of Liquid Phase-Crystallized Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells on Glass. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5 (2015), p. 1001-1005
doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2015.2412453
Heinemann, M.D.; Efimova, V.; Klenk, R.; Hoepfner, B.; Wollgarten, M.; Unold, T.; Schock, H.-W.; Kaufmann, C.:
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Superstrate Solar Cells: Prospects and Limitations. Progress in Photovoltaics 23 (2015), p. 1228–1237
doi: 10.1002/pip.2536
Heinemann, M.D.; Greiner, D.; Unold, T.; Klenk, R.; Schock, H.-W.; Schlatmann, R.; Kaufmann, C.A.:
The Importance of Sodium Control in CIGSe Superstrate Solar Cells. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5 (2015), p. 378-581
doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2014.2360332
Heinemann, Marc Daniel:
CIGSe Superstrate Solar Cells: Growth and Characterization of CIGSe Thin Films on Transparent Conductive Oxides. , Technische Universität Berlin, 2015
Inoue, Y.; Hala, M.; Steigert, A.; Klenk, R.; Siebentritt, S.:
Optimization of buffer layer/i-layer band alignment. In: 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2015. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7945-5, p. 1-5
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355902
Karydas, A.G.; Streeck, C.; Bogdanovic Radovic, I.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Rissom, T.; Beckhoff, B.; Jaksic, M.; Barradas, N.P.:
Ion beam analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells. Applied Surface Science 356 (2015), p. 631-638
doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.08.133
Kirner, S.; Hartig, M.; Mazzarella, L.; Korte, L.; Frijnts, T.; Scherg-Kurmes, H.; Ring, S.; Stannowski, B.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
The Influence of ITO Dopant Density on J-V Characteristics of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: Experiments and Simulations. Energy Procedia 77 (2015), p. 725-732
doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.103
Open Access
Kirner, S.; Mazzarella, L.; Korte, L.; Stannowski, B.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells with Nanocrystalline Silicon Oxide Emitter: Insights into Charge Carrier Transport. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5 (2015), p. 1601-1605
doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2015.2479461
Kirner, S.; Neubert, S.; Schultz, C.; Gabriel, O.; Stannowski, B.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
Quadruple-junction solar cells and modules based on amorphous and microcrystalline silicon with high stable efficiencies. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 54 (2015), p. 08KB03/1-8
doi: 10.7567/JJAP.54.08KB03
Larsen, J.K.; Li, S-Y.; Scragg, J.J.S.; Ren, Y.; Hägglund, C.; Heinemann, M.D.; Kretzschmar, S.; Unold, T.; Platzer-Björkman, C.:
Interference effects in photoluminescence spectra of Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films. Journal of Applied Physics 118 (2015), p. 035307/1-9
doi: 10.1063/1.4926857
Open Access (external provider)
Lips, K.; Schulze, T. F.; Starr, D.E.; Bär, M.; Wilks, R.G.; Fenske, F.; Ruske, F.; Reiche, M.; van de Krol, R.; Reichardt, G.; Schäfers, F.; Hendel, S.; Follath, R.; Bahrdt, J.; Peredkov, S.; DeBeer, S.; Hävecker, M.; Knop-Gericke, A.; Rau, B.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Schlatmann, R.; Schlögl, R.; Rech, B.; Raoux, S.:
EMIL: The energy materials in-situ laboratory Berlin - a novel characterization facility for photovoltaic and energy materials. In: Proceedings of the 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition - Hamburg 2015. Munich: WIP, 2015. - ISBN 3-936338-39-6, p. 1AO.2.1/25-28
https://www.eupvsec-proceedings.com/proceedings/dvd.html?TOC=2015
http://www.eupvsec-proceedings.com/proceedings?fulltext=lips&paper=34827
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20152015-1AO.2.1
Open Access
Mainz, R.; Rodriguez Alvarez, H.; Klaus, M.; Thomas, D.; Lauche, J.; Weber, A.; Heinemann, M.D.; Brunken, S.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Unold, T.; Schock, H.-W.; Genzel, C.:
Sudden stress relaxation in compound semiconductor thin films triggered by secondary phase segregation. Physical Review B 92 (2015), p. 155310/1-8
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.92.155310
Open Access
Mainz, R.; Weber, A.; Rodriguez-Alvarez, H.; Levcenko, S.; Klaus, M.; Pistor, P.; Klenk, R.; Schock, H.-W.:
Time-resolved investigation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 growth and Ga gradient formation during fast selenization of metallic precursors. Progress in Photovoltaics 23 (2015), p. 1131–1143
doi: 10.1002/pip.2531
Open Access
Mazzarella, L.; Kirner, S.; Gabriel, O.; Korte, L.; Stannowski, B.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
Nanocrystalline silicon oxide emitters for silicon hetero junction solar cells. Energy Procedia 77 (2015), p. 304-310
doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.043
Mazzarella, L.; Kirner, S.; Stannowski, B.; Korte, L.; Rech, B.; Schlatmann, R.:
p-type microcrystalline silicon oxide emitter for silicon heterojunction solar cells allowing current densities above 40 mA/cm2. Applied Physics Letters 106 (2015), p. 023902/1-5
doi: 10.1063/1.4905906
Merdes, S.; Steigert, A.; Ziem, F.; Lauermann, I.; Klenk, R.; Hergert, F.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Schlatmann, R.:
Influence of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 surface treatments on the properties of 30 x 30 cm2 large area modules with atomic layer deposited Zn(O,S) buffers. Thin Solid Films 574 (2015), p. 28-31
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.11.049
Merdes, S.; Ziem, F.; Lavrenko, T.; Walter, T.; Lauermann, I.; Klingsporn, M.; Schmidt, S.; Hergert, F.; Schlatmann, R.:
Above 16% efficient sequentially grown Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2-based solar cells with atomic layer deposited Zn(O,S) buffers. Progress in Photovoltaics 23 (2015), p. 1493-1500
doi: 10.1002/pip.2579
Muydinov, R.; Ruske, F.; Neubert, S.; Steigert, A.; Klaus, M.; Selve, S.; Köppel, G.; Szyszka, B.:
Combination of nitrogen mediated crystallisation with post-deposition annealing - Towards ultra-thin ZnO:Al contacts. Thin Solid Films 589 (2015), p. 750-754
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2015.07.012
Ohm, W.; Riedel, W.; Aksünger, Ü.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.; Lux-Steiner, M.Ch.; Gledhill, S.:
Bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with submicron absorber thickness: Back-contact passivation and light
management. In: IEEE, New York [Ed.] : Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 2015 IEEE 42nd. IEEE, New York, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7944-8, p. 1-5
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356416
Ohm, W.; Riedel, W.; Askünger, Ü.; Heinemann, M.D.; Kaufmann, C.; Lopez Garzia, J.; Izqierdo, V.; Fontane, X.; Goislard, T.; Lux-Steiner, M.Ch.; Gledhill, S.:
An overview of technological aspects of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell architectures incorporating ZnO nanorod arrays. Physica Status Solidi A 212 (2015), p. 76–87
doi: 10.1002/pssa.201431230
Oueslati, S.; Brammertz, G.; Buffière, M.; ElAnzeery, H.; Mangin, D.; ElDaif, O.; Touayar, O.; Köble, C.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.:
Study of alternative back contacts for thin film Cu2ZnSnSe4-based solar cells. Journal of Physics D 48 (2015), p. 035103/1-9
doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/48/3/035103
Oueslati, S.; Brammertz, G.; Buffière, M.; Elanzeery, H.; Touayar, O.; Köble, C.; Bekaert, J.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.:
Physical and electrical characterization of high-performance Cu2ZnSnSe4 based thin film solar cells. Thin Solid Films 582 (2015), p. 224-228
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.10.052
Oueslati, S.; Brammertz, G.; Buffière, M.; Köble, C.; Oualid, T.; Meuris, M.; Poortmans, J.:
Photoluminescence study and observation of unusual optical transitions in Cu2ZnSnSe4/CdS/ZnO solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 134 (2015), p. 340-345
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2014.10.041
Reinhold, B.; Schmid, M.; Greiner, D.; Schuele, M.; Kieven, D.; Ennaoui, A.; Lux-Steiner, M.C.:
Monolithically interconnected lamellar Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro solar cells under full white light concentration. Progress in Photovoltaics 23 (2015), p. 1929-1939
doi: 10.1002/pip.2611
Open Access (external provider)
Ring, S.; Neubert, S.; Schultz, C.; Schmidt, S.; Ruske, F.; Stannowski, B.; Fink, F.; Schlatmann, R.:
Light trapping for a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells using direct pulsed laser interference texturing. Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letters 9 (2015), p. 36-40
doi: 10.1002/pssr.201409404
Roland, S.; Neubert, S.; Albrecht, S.; Stannowski, B.; Seger, M.; Facchetti, A.; Schlatmann, R.; Rech, B.; Neher, D.:
Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Thin-Film Multijunction Solar
Cells Exceeding 11% Power Conversion Efficiency. Advanced Materials 27 (2015), p. 1262-1267
doi: 10.1002/adma.201404698
Sahraei, N.; Peters, M.; Venkataraj, S.; Aberle, A.; Calnan, S.; Ring, S.; Stannowski, B.; Schlatmann, R.; Stangl, R.:
Thin-film a-Si:H solar cells processed on aluminuminduced texture (AIT) glass superstrates: Prediction of light absorption enhancement. Applied Optics 54 (2015), p. 4366-4373
doi: 10.1364/AO.54.004366
Salomé, P.M.P.; Rodriguez Alvarez, H.; Sadewasser, S.:
Incorporation of alkali metals in chalcogenide solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 143 (2015), p. 9-20
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.011
Scherg-Kurmes, H.; Körner, S.; Ring, S.; Klaus, M.; Korte, L.; Ruske, F.; Schlatmann, R.; Rech, B.; Szyszka, B.:
High mobility In2O3:H as contact layer for a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction and muc-Si:H thin film solar cells. Thin Solid Films 594 (2015), p. 316-322
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2015.03.022
Schmidt, J.; Brendel, R.; Bett, A.; Dyakonov, V.; Brabec, C.; Klenk, R.; Stannowski, B.; Amkreutz, D.; Rau, U.; Kirchartz, T.; Wischmann, W.; Ahlswede, E.:
Forschung und Entwicklung für die Photovoltaik zwischen Evolution und Revolution. In: ForschungsVerbund Erneuerbare Energien (FVEE) [Ed.] : Forschung für die Energiewende - Phasenübergänge aktiv gestalten. FVEE, 2015, p. 64-69
Schnohr, C.S.; Kämmer, H.; Steinbach, T.; Gnauck, M.; Rissom, T.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Stephan, C.; Schorr, S.:
Composition-dependent nanostructure of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 powders and thin films. Thin Solid Films 582 (2015), p. 356-360
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.10.078
Schultz, C.; Schüle, M.; Stelmaszczyk, K.; Weizman, M.; Gref, O.; Friedrich, F.; Wolf, C.; Kaufmann, C.; Rau, B.; Schlatmann, R.; Fink, F.; Stegemann, B.:
Controlling the thermal impact of ns laser pulses for the preparation of the P2 interconnect by local phase transformation in CIGSe. In: 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC 2015) : New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 14 - 19 June 2015. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7944-8, p. 1-4
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355961
Siah, S.C.; Brandt, R.E.; Lim, K.; Schelhas, L.T.; Jaramillo, R.; Heinemann, M.D.; Chua, D.; Wright, J.; Perkins, J.D.; Segre, C.U.; Gordon, R.G.; Toney, M.F.; Buonassisi, T.:
Dopant activation in Sn-doped Ga2O3 investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Applied Physics Letters 107 (2015), p. 252103/1-5
doi: 10.1063/1.4938123
Open Access (external provider)
Sonntag, P.; Haschke, J.; Kühnapfel, S.; Gabriel, O.; Amkreutz, D.; Rech, B.:
Properties of liquid phase crystallized interdigitated back-contact aolar cells on glass. Energy Procedia 77 (2015), p. 487-492
doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.069
Stange, H.; Brunken, S.; Hempel, H.; Rodriguez Alvarez, H.; Schäfer, N.; Greiner, D.; Scheu, A.; Lauche, J.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Unold, T.; Abou-Ras, D.; Mainz, R.:
Effect of Na presence during CuInSe2 growth on stacking fault annihilation and electronic properties. Applied Physics Letters 107 (2015), p. 152103/1-5
doi: 10.1063/1.4933305
Stegemann, B.; Schüle, M.; Schultz, C.; Stelmaszczyk, K.; Weizman, M.; Wolf, C.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Rau, B.; Schlatmann, R.; Fink, F.:
Electrical and structural functionality of CIGSe solar cells patterned with picosecond laser pulses of different wavelengths. In: 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2015 : New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 14 - 19 June 2015. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015. - ISBN 978-1-4799-7945-5, p. 1-4
doi: 10.1109/PVSC.2015.7355780
Wakefield, G.; Adair, M.; Gardener, M.; Greiner, D.; Kaufmann, C.A.; Moghal, J.:
Mesoporous silica nanocomposite antireflective coating for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 134 (2015), p. 359–363
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2014.12.022
Weizman, M.; Rhein, H.; Bhatti, K.; Duman, R.; Schultz, C.; Schüle, M.; Gabriel, O.; Ring, S.; Kirner, S.; Klimm, C.; Nittel, M.; Gall, S.; Rau, B.; Stannowski, B.; Schlatmann, R.; Fink, F.:
Rear-side All-by-Laser Point-contact Scheme for liquid-phase-crystallized silicon on glass solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 137 (2015), p. 280-286
doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.02.003
Witte, W.; Abou-Ras, D.; Albe, K.; Bauer, G.H.; Bertram, F.; Boit, C.; Brueggemann, R.; Christen, J.; Dietrich, J.; Eicke, A.; Hariskos, D.; Maiberg, M.; Mainz, R.; Meessen, M.; Mueller, M.; Neumann, O.; Orgis, T.; Paetel, S.; Pohl, J.; Rodriguez Alvarez, H.; Scheer, R.; Schock, H.-W.; Unold, T.; Weber, A.; Powalla, M.:
Gallium gradients in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells. Progress in Photovoltaics 23 (2015), p. 717–733
doi: 10.1002/pip.2485
Yin, Y.; Sahraei, N.; Venkataraj, S.; Calnan, S.; Ring, S.; Stannowski, B.; Schlatmann, R.; Aberle, A.; Stangl, R.:
Light Scattering and Current Enhancement for Microcrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells on Aluminium-Induced Texture Glass Superstrates with Double Texture. International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015), p. 358276/1-8
doi: 10.1155/2015/358276
Open Access
Ümsür, B.; Calvet, W.; Höpfner, B.; Steigert, A.; Lauermann, I.; Gorgoi, M.; Prietzel, K.; Navirian, H.; Kaufmann, C.; Unold, T.; Lux-Steiner, M.:
Investigation of Cu-poor and Cu-rich Cu(In,Ga)Se2/CdS interfaces using hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Thin Solid Films 582 (2015), p. 366-370
doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.08.049
Open Access
