Feye-Treimer, Ulrike: Hochauflösende phasenbasierte Röntgenstreuung – eine mögliche Methode und ihre Eignung zur Früherkennung von Krebszellen aufgrund gewebespezifischer Veränderungen. , Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Diss., 2016
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/9016
Open Access Version
Abstract:
This thesis describes the potential of phase-based X-ray scattering in order to detect cancer cells in an early stage of development. A faster growing cell nucleus and enlargement of its density are first indications of cancer development. At that stage a cancer cell hardly differs from an healthy one, and can be satisfactorily distinguished just by light microscopy, if at all. However, in this case only a small fraction of a biopsy can be investigated due to the reduced field of view of a microscope. In the case of scattering methods the spatial resolution is worse but the detection of small changes of physical parameters (size, density) is much more sensitive. With the proposed phased based X-ray scattering it is demonstrated that in principle cancer cells in their early stage of development can be detected in apparently healthy biopsies. Scattering curves from a biopsy (cell system) are calculated by means of Radon Transform of the cell system (cells and their randomly placed nuclei, both randomly orientated with respect to the X-ray beam) yielding the particular phase shift due to the cells and their nuclei. Subsequent Fraunhofer diffraction takes into account cells (healthy and cancer ones) that can differ in size and density of their nuclei. Graphs and numbers for increased nucleus size and density are given to estimate the fraction of cancer cells in a biopsy. This work proves the feasibility of phase-based X-ray scattering, and that in principle cancer cells be detected in apparently healthy biopsies and that it can assist as additional tool in cancer detection for established methods in diagnostics of cancer-suspicious samples.