XPS+UPS 1
Photoemission spectroscopy
XPS: Elemental surface composition (i.e. < top 10 nm), oxidation state, chemical bonding environment; UPS: Valence band edge
| Sample conditions | |
|---|---|
| Sample conditions | Max. sample size: 25x27 mm²; solid samples (no powders, no liquids). It may not be possible to measure insulating samples/substrates. |
| What happens to the sample? | Non invasive technique |
| What can be measured? | |
| What can be measured | XPS: Elemental surface composition (i.e. < top 10 nm), oxidation state, chemical bonding environment; UPS: Valence band edge |