“Research and development in times of war: not only possible, but crucial!”
Bernd Rech, wissenschaftlicher Geschäftsführer am Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie. © HZB / D. Ausserhofer
The side event "Research and Development for Sustainable Reconstruction: The examples of energy and agriculture" was organized by the Alliance of German Science Organizations. © HZB/M. Setzpfandt
On behalf of the Alliance of German Science Organisations, Bernd Rech (right) handed over the document "Research and Development for sustainable reconstruction: Key Recommendations and Intended Actions" to Bettina Stark Watzinger, Federal Minister of Education and Science (right) and Yevhen Kudriavets, First Deputy Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine (left). On the far left, Milena Komar, Director of Kyiv School of Energy Policy. © HZB/M. Setzpfandt
The Ukraine Recovery Conference took place in Berlin on 11 and 12 June. On a side-event representatives from Helmholtz, Fraunhofer and Leibniz discussed how research can contribute to the sustainable reconstruction of Ukraine.
In this interview, Bernd Rech, scientific director at HZB, talks about the importance of research during the war and projects such as Green Deal Ukraina.
How can research contribute to Ukraine’s reconstruction?
It can contribute a lot. The EU has included Ukraine in its research area and the country is part of the European research program Horizon Europe. Germany and Ukraine have filled the agreement on scientific cooperation, which has been in place for 30 years, with new content and will ceremonially sign it in Kyiv in October. It includes four so-called clusters of excellence between partner institutions in Ukraine and Germany. We believe that there is a need for more such clusters, where cooperation should be particularly intensified – especially in the area of energy system analysis and the electricity system, in the area of resilient local energy solutions and in education. Ukraine is a very open and innovative country with a very long research tradition. European experts repeatedly praise the fact that the transmission system operator, Ukrenergo, manages to maintain the power supply.
What are the most promising areas of research collaboration in the current situation?
For sad reasons, of course, cooperation that addresses the immediate future, immediate needs is of paramount importance. Let’s take the example of electricity: in Ukraine, electricity has to be switched off in large areas again and again, and blackouts are always to be expected. Decentralized as well as regional solutions are needed. This is exactly where Helmholtz comes in, together with other partners from Germany and abroad. Research in the field of energy and climate can make a decisive contribution to improving the security of supply in Ukraine. We at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin are strong in the fields of solar, batteries, hydrogen and system solutions and are therefore a good partner. One example of such cooperation is the “Green Deal Ukraina” project.
What is this project about?
“Green Deal Ukraina” started in 2023 and is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The project is about research and development in the field of energy and climate research with Ukraine. Together with our Ukrainian and Polish partners and governments, we are working on energy system modeling and studies. We are also training local, regional and national Ukrainian decision makers on energy solutions.
What are you currently working on at “Green Deal Ukraina”?
In July, our capacity building team will travel to Ivano-Frankivsk and begin training local energy experts. This will focus directly on local solutions. In particular, our team is currently working on how to secure Ukraine's energy supply for next winter and the years to come. Green Deal Ukraine is at the forefront of the Ukraine Recovery Conference currently taking place. Together with Fraunhofer and Leibniz, we are organizing a major event on research and development for sustainable reconstruction in the fields of energy, climate and agriculture. The Federal Minister of Education and Research, Bettina Stark-Watzinger, and her Ukrainian counterpart will also speak at the event. The media are also interested in the topic. Der Spiegel, for example, published a high-profile interview on the status of the project.
What are your medium- and long-term plans?
Ukraine is expected to be invited to formal accession negotiations at the next European Council (June 27-28, 2024). This is very important and has symbolic significance for the country’s membership in “Europe”. The “Green Deal Ukraina” team is working closely with the EU Commission and with German and Ukrainian government agencies on legal issues. By 2027, we want to establish an independent energy and climate think tank in Ukraine to continue and expand the work that is being done here in Berlin from 2023 to 2027.
What can we learn from Ukraine in this kind of cooperation?
First of all, we are learning that we belong together: Ukraine is European, and there is great potential here in a very exciting country. We are learning that research and development in times of war are not only possible, but crucial. And we are happy to be part of this dynamic.
- Green fabrication of hybrid materials as highly sensitive X-ray detectorsNew bismuth-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials show exceptional sensitivity and long-term stability as X-ray detectors, significantly more sensitive than commercial X-ray detectors. In addition, these materials can be produced without solvents by ball milling, a mechanochemical synthesis process that is environmentally friendly and scalable. More sensitive detectors would allow for a reduction in the radiation exposure during X-ray examinations.
- Electrical energy storage: BAM, HZB, and HU Berlin plan joint Berlin Battery LabThe Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB), and Humboldt University of Berlin (HU Berlin) have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to establish the Berlin Battery Lab. The lab will pool the expertise of the three institutions to advance the development of sustainable battery technologies. The joint research infrastructure will also be open to industry for pioneering projects in this field.
- BESSY II: Insight into ultrafast spin processes with femtoslicingAn international team has succeeded at BESSY II for the first time to elucidate how ultrafast spin-polarised current pulses can be characterised by measuring the ultrafast demagnetisation in a magnetic layer system within the first hundreds of femtoseconds. The findings are useful for the development of spintronic devices that enable faster and more energy-efficient information processing and storage. The collaboration involved teams from the University of Strasbourg, HZB, Uppsala University and several other universities.